A

B

Beryl.

Bloodstone.

C

D

Demantoid.

Diamond. A mineral composed essentially of carbon that crystallizes in the cubic crystal system. It is the hardest of all known natural substances (10 on the Mohs scale). It is the most cherished and highly valued gemstone. It occurs in colours ranging from colourless to yellow, brown, orange, green, blue, violet, black, pink and red (extremely rare). High refractive index of 2.417, a dispersion of 0.044, and a specific gravity of 3.52. diamond, formation of. Under extreme pressure & temperature existing at a hundred miles below the earth's surface, carbon crystallizes as diamond. Diamonds are then transported from depth to the surface in volcanic pipes called kimberlite (or lamporite in Australia). When kimberlite is exposed at the surface, it decomposes & disintegrates releasing the diamonds which may be deposited and concentrated in alluvial deposits at the surface.

Diopside.

Dioptase.

E

Emerald.

F

Feldspar.

Fluorite.

G

H

I

Iolite.

Indicolite.

Ivory.

J

K

Kunzite.

L

Labradorite.

Lapis Lazuli.

M

N

Nephrite.

O

Obsidian.

Onyx.

Opal.

P

Q

Quartz.

Quartzite.

R

S

T

U,V,W,X,Y

Z

Zircon.

Zoisite.

	Birth Stones of the Months
January	Garnet
February	Amethyst
March	Aquamarine, Bloodstone
April	Diamond
May	Emerald
June	Pearl, Opal, Alexandrite
July	Ruby
August	Peridot
September	Sapphire
October	Tourmaline
November	Topaz
December	Zircon, Turquoise